Table Of Content1. General Concepts in Biodegradation and Biocatalysis Definition of Terms Scope of the Book: from Microbiology to Chemistry and Back Again Further Resources in Biocatalysis and Biodegradation 2. A History of Concepts in Biodegradation and Microbial Catalysis The Beginnings of Biodegradation on Earth Early Human Observations of Biodegradation and Biocatalysis Early Scientific Studies on Biodegradation and the Spontaneous Generation Debate Microbial Pure Cultures from Nature Early History of the Study of Diverse Metabolic Activities of Microbes Unity of Metabolism in Living Things Oxygen and Oxygenases History of Anaerobic Biocatalysis Molecular Genetics and Regulation Industrial Applications: Two Early Examples [box] Microbes in Organic Synthesis Summary 3. Identifying Novel Microbial Catalysis by Enrichment Culture and Screening Why Use Enrichment Culture? The General Method The Pervasiveness of Enrichment Culture [box] Selection of Conditions and Medium Screening for Specific Biocatalytic Reactions Summary 4. Microbial Diversity: Catabolism of Organic Compounds Is Broadly Distributed The Importance of Microbial (Bio)diversity Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes: Fundamental Differences in Biodegradation [box] Fungi in Biocatalysis and Biodegradation Distribution in the Prokaryotic World of Biodegradative and Novel Biocatalytic Capabilities Specialized Biodegradation by Microorganisms with Specialized Metabolisms Aerobic versus Anaerobic Microorganisms in Biodegradation Representative Microorganisms with Broad Catabolic Abilities Pseudomonas putida F1 Sphingomonas yanoikuyae B1 Rhodococcus spp. Cunninghamella elegans Microbial Consortia in Biodegradation Global Biodegradation and the "Supraorganism" Concept Summary 5. Organic Functional Group Diversity: the Unity of Biochemistry Is Dwarfed by Its Diversity Microbial Global Cycling of the Elements Facts and Fallacies: Natural Products versus Synthetic Chemicals and Their Biodegradation Advocating a Discontinuation of Use of the Term 'Xenobiotic' with Respect to Biodegradation [box] An Organic Functional Group Classification Organic Functional Groups Found in Nature Ring Compounds Found in Nature Organic Functional Groups: What Is Known with Respect to Biodegradation and Microbial Biocatalysis? 6. Physiological Processes: Enzymes, Emulsification, Uptake, and Chemotaxis General Physiological Responses to Environmental Chemicals Enzymes Enzyme Classification [box] Enzyme Substrate Specificity Uptake: Getting Substrates to the Enzymes Emulsification: Overcoming Poor Availability of Substrate Organic-Solvent Resistance Chemotaxis: Getting to the Substrates Summary 7. Evolution of Catabolic Enzymes and Pathways History Major Protein Families in Microbial Biocatalysis Principles of Evolution Applied to Microbial Catabolism Where Do New Catabolic Enzymes Come From? [box] Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Catabolic Pathways Case Study: Enzyme Evolution in the Aminohydrolase Protein Superfamily Summary 8. Metabolic Logic and Pathway Maps Introduction C1 Metabolism Metamap C2 Metamap Cycloalkane Metamap BTEX Metamap: Aerobic Metabolism BTEX Metamap: Anaerobic Metabolism PAH Metamap Heterocyclic Ring Metamap Triazine Ring Metamap Organohalogen Metamap Organometallic Metamap Summary 9. Predicting Microbial Biocatalysis and Biodegradation Why Is It Necessary To Predict Biodegradation Pathways? Biodegradation Prediction Systems Defining the Trunk Pathways Defining the Organic Functional Groups Relevant to Microbial Catabolism The Basis for Predicting Microbial Biocatalysis and Biodegradation Beyond Two Functional Groups: the Need for Heuristics Summary 10. Mic
SynopsisA textbook and resource for professional scientists working in the areas of industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, and biodegradation. - Details both the fundamental concepts of the microbial transformation of organic compounds as well as its application for biotechnology and biodegradation. - Offers comprehensive coverage of microbial catabolism from the group that developed the online Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database (http: //umbbd.msi.umn.edu/). - Discusses the logic of catabolism, which is important in the context of genome annotation and predicting biodegradation reactions., Designed for use as a textbook and resource for professional scientists working in the areas of industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, and biodegradation, this important new volume details both the fundamental concepts of the microbial transformation of organic compounds as well as its application for biotechnology and biodegradation. It offers comprehensive coverage of microbial catabolism from the group that developed the Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database on the Web and discusses the logic of catabolism, which is important in the context of genome annotation and predicting biodegradation reactions., A textbook and resource for professional scientists working in the areas of industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, and biodegradation.* Details both the fundamental concepts of the microbial transformation of organic compounds as well as its application for biotechnology and biodegradation. * Offers comprehensive coverage of microbial catabolism from the group that developed the online Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database (http://umbbd.msi.umn.edu/). * Discusses the logic of catabolism, which is important in the context of genome annotation and predicting biodegradation reactions., A textbook and resource for professional scientists working in the areas of industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, and biodegradation.