Table Of ContentPART I. Population in the Human Sciences: An IntroductionIntroductionPART II. What is a Population?1. Population and the Making of the Human Sciences: An Historical Outline2. Population Genetics: The Study of the Genetic Structure of Human Populations3. Populations in Statistical Genetic Modelling and Inference4. Population Heterogeneity in the Spotlight of BiodemographyPART III. Rethinking Intra- and Inter-Population Dynamics5. Niche Construction in Human Evolution and Demography6. Populations for Studying the Causes of Britain's Fertility Decline: Communication Communities7. The Social and the Sexual: Networks in Contemporary Demographic Research8. Populations are Composed One Event at a TimePART IV. Mechanisms of Local Level Variation and Change of State9. Networks, Strata, and Ageing: Towards a Compositional Demography of Vulnerability10. Constructing Migration in Southeast Asia: Conceptual, Empirical, and Policy Issues11. Collective Identities, Shifting Population Membership, and Niche Construction Theory: Implications from Taiwanese and Chinese Empirical Evidence12. The Causal Relationship between Fertility and Infant Mortality: Prospective Analyses of a Population in TransitionPART V. Constructing Populations in the Long Term13. Genetics and the Reconstruction of African Population History14. Species, Populations, and Groups in Hominin Evolution15. Residence Patterns and the Human-Ecological Setting in Historical Eastern Europe: A Challenge of Compositional (Re)analysis16. Linking Late-Imperial and Early Modern Population Dynamics in the Lower Yangzi Valley: An Analysis of Xiaoji TownshipPART VI. Identifying Sub-Populations for Disease Treatment and Control17. From Populations to Clines in Modern Statistical Genetics18. Population Structure and Public Health Research on HIV Control in Sub-Saharan Africa19. Interventions in Context20. Hormones and Disease: Contested Knowledge of Exogenous Hormones in the Evaluation of Oral Contraceptives and Hormone Replacement Therapy
SynopsisThe Human Sciences address problems in nature and society that often require coordinated approaches of several scientific disciplines and scholarly research, embracing the social and biological sciences, and history. When we wish, for example, to understand how some sub-populations and not others come to be vulnerable, why a disease spreads in one part of a population and not another, or which gene variants are transmitted across generations, then a remarkable range of disciplinary perspectives need to be brought together, from the study of institutional structures, cultural boundaries, and social networks down to the micro-biology of cellular pathways, and gene expression. The need to explain and address differential impacts of pressing contemporary issues like AIDS, ageing, social and economic inequalities, and environmental change, are well-known cases in point. Population concepts, models, and evidence lie at the core of approaches to all of these problems, if only because accurate differentiation and identification of groups, their structures, constituents, and relations between sub-populations, are necessary to specify their nature and extent. The study of population thus draws both on statistical methodologies of demography and population genetics and sustained observation of the ways in which populations and sub-populations are formed, maintained, or broken up in nature, in the laboratory, and in society. In an era in which research needs to operate on multiple levels, population thinking thus provides a common ground for communication and critical thought across disciplines. Population in the Human Sciences addresses the need for review and assessment of the framework of interdisciplinary population studies. Limitations to prevailing postwar paradigms like the Evolutionary Synthesis and Demographic Transition were becoming evident by the 1970s. Subsequent decades have witnessed an immense expansion of population modelling and related empirical inquiry, with new genetic developments that have reshaped evolutionary, population, and developmental biology. The rise of anthropological and historical demography, and social network analysis, are playing major roles in rethinking modern and earlier population history. More recently, the emergence of sub-disciplines like biodemography and evolutionary anthropology, and growing links between evolutionary and developmental biology, indicate a growing convergence of biological and social approaches to population., The Human Sciences address problems in nature and society that often require coordinated approaches of several scientific disciplines and scholarly research, embracing the social and biological sciences, and history. When we wish, for example, to understand how some sub-populations and not others come to be vulnerable, why a disease spreads in one part of a population and not another, or which gene variants are transmitted across generations, then a remarkable range of disciplinary perspectives need to be brought together, from the study of institutional structures, cultural boundaries, and social networks down to the micro-biology of cellular pathways, and gene expression. The need to explain and address differential impacts of pressing contemporary issues like AIDS, ageing, social and economic inequalities, and environmental change, are well-known cases in point. Population concepts, models, and evidence lie at the core of approaches to all of these problems, if only because accurate differentiation and identification of groups, their structures, constituents, and relations between sub-populations, are necessary to specify their nature and extent. The study of population thus draws both on statistical methodologies of demography and population genetics and sustained observation of the ways in which populations and sub-populations are formed, maintained, or broken up in nature, in the laboratory, and in society. In an era in which research needs to operate on multiple levels, population thinking thus provides a common ground for communication and critical thought across disciplines.Population in the Human Sciences addresses the need for review and assessment of the framework of interdisciplinary population studies. Limitations to prevailing postwar paradigms like the Evolutionary Synthesis and Demographic Transition were becoming evident by the 1970s. Subsequent decades have witnessed an immense expansion of population modelling and related empirical inquiry, with new genetic developments that have reshaped evolutionary, population, and developmental biology. The rise of anthropological and historical demography, and social network analysis, are playing major roles in rethinking modern and earlier population history. More recently, the emergence of sub-disciplines like biodemography and evolutionary anthropology, and growing links between evolutionary and developmental biology, indicate a growing convergence of biological and social approaches to population., Addresses the need for review and assessment of the framework of interdisciplinary population studies. It includes chapters on anthropology, archaeology, demography, ecology, epidemiology, geography, genomics, human biology, population genetics, social and demographic history, the history of science, and social network analysis.