Table Of ContentIntroductionPart I: AdaptationIntroduction to Part I1. Adaptation: Current Usages2. Universal Darwinism3. The Leibnizian Paradigm4. . Exaptation - A Missing Term in the Science of Form5. Six Sayings About AdaptationismPart II: DevelopmentIntroduction to Part II6. Two Concepts of Constraint: Adaptationism and the Challenge from Developmental Biology7. Developmental Systems and Evolutionary ExplanationPart III: Units of Selection8. The Return of the Gene9. The Levels of Selection: A Hierarchy of Interactors10. A Critical Review of Philosophical Work on the Units of Selection ProblemPart IV: FunctionIntroduction to Part IV11. Function Without Purpose: The Uses of Causal Role Function in Evolutionary Biology12. Function and Design13. Functions: Consensus Without UnityPart V: SpeciesIntroduction to Part V14. Individuality, Pluralism, and the Phylogenetic Species Concept15. Phylogenetic Systematics and the Species Problem16. Eliminative PluralismPart VI: Human NatureIntroduction to Part VI17. Science and Myth18. On Human Nature19. Gender and Science: Origin, History, and Politics20. Essentialism, Women, and War: Protesting Too Much, Protesting Too Little21. Essentialism and Constructionism about Sexual OrientationPart VII: AltruismIntroduction to Part VII22. Altruism: Theoretical Contexts23. What Is Evolutionary Altruism?24. On the Relationship Between Evolutionary and Psychological Definitions of Altruism and SelfishnessPart VIII: Human Genome ProjectIntroduction to Part VIII25. The Human Genome Project: Towards an Analysis of the Empirical, Ethical, and Conceptual Issues Involved26. Who's Afraid of the Human Genome Project?27. Is Human Genetics Disguised Eugenics?28. Normality and Variation: The Human Genome Project and the Ideal Human Type29. The Human Genome Project: Research Tactics and Economic StrategiesPart IX: ProgressIntroduction to Part IX30. The Moral Foundations of the Idea of Evolutionary Progress: Darwin, Spencer, and the Neo-Darwinians31. Evolution and Progress32. Complexity and Evolution: What Everybody Knows33. On Replacing the Idea of Progress with an Operational Notion of DirectionalityPart X: CreationismIntroduction to Part X34. When Faith and Reason Clash: Evolution and the Bible35. Evolution and Special Creation36. Reply to McMullinNotes on the ContributorsFurther ReadingIndex
SynopsisThe aim of this series is to bring together important recent writings in major areas of philosophical inquiry, selected from a variety of sources, mostly periodicals, which may not be conveniently available to the university student or the general reader. The editors of each volume contribute an introductory essay on the items chosen and on the questions with which they deal. A selective bibliography is appended as a guide to further reading. The philosophy of biology today is one of the most exciting areas in philosophical inquiry. Drawing on work of the past decade, this volume brings together articles from the philosophy, history, and sociology of science, as well as many branches of the biological sciences, to consider issues including the nature of evolutionary theory, biology and ethics, the challenge from religion, and the social implications of biology today (in particular the Human Genome Project). The 36 articles in this collection are divided into 10 parts, each with an introduction by the editors. Spanning issues from epistemology across to ethics, the volume delves into the latest theoretical controversies as well as burning questions of contemporary social importance. Throughout the volume an attempt is made to offer positions from different perspectives, so that the reader will be challenged as well as informed. The Philosophy of Biology will be essential and fascinating reading for students of philosophy and biology as well as the general reader with an interest in the natural sciences and evolution., Drawing on work of the past decade, this volume brings together articles from the philosophy, history, and sociology of science, and many other branches of the biological sciences. The volume delves into the latest theoretical controversies as well as burning questions of contemporary social importance. The issues considered include the nature of evolutionary theory, biology and ethics, the challenge from religion, and the social implications of biology today (in particular the Human Genome Project).