| Type of Seed |
Expelling Properties |
Remarks |
| Almond |
Well dried, whole almonds with seed coat are expelled. Bridge formation may occur in the funnel. It might be easier to feed the expeller without a funnel. Turn crank at 55-60 rpm. |
- use terminal adjustment bolt with openings fully open - after press cake appears, the bolt can be tightened to obtain high extraction efficiency
- clean oil outlet regularly
- turning requires reasonable force
|
Babassu (Orbignya phalerata) |
The kernels need to be reduced in size by grating, pounding or chipping. Turn crank at 45-50 rpm to allow oil to flow to the oil outlet. |
- expel without adjustment bolt
- turning goes lightly
|
Beechnut (Fagus sylvatica) |
Well dried seed with 8% moisture or less should be expelled including the seed coat. Remove first any sand, stone and twigs. Bridge formation may occur in the funnel. Use a small wooden stick to ease flow of seed. Turn at 50-60 rpm. |
- expel with adjustment bolt leaving the 2 press cake outlets open; later on tighten bolt until press cake appears as 2 thin strings
- turning requires reasonable force
|
| Cocoa Bean |
Whole beans can be processed, including skin. Flaked beans will be easier to fill which will increase yield. Oil clarifies after about 24 hours at 50° C and will solidify after cooling. Turn crank at 50 rpm. |
- first stop outflow of seeds with finger before press cake outlet until stiff roll appears
- start with open terminal adjustment bolt--once press cake comes out of 2 openings bolt can be tightened
- turning requires reasonable force
|
Coconut (coprah) |
Well dried coprah is reduced in size by cutting, grating or grinding. Feeding the expeller requires some skill due to bridge formation. To avoid oil clogging of the screw turn calmly at 45 rpm to allow oil to flow to the oil slit. |
- do not use the adjustment bolt--stop the outflow of press cake lightly with a finger until a dry press cake appears
- turning goes fairly lightly
|
| Hazelnut |
Remove (deshell) the nuts. To increase output per hour reduce the size of the kernels (seeds) by coarsely grinding or grating. Turn at 50 rpm. |
- expel with adjustment bolt and gradually tighten the bolt until press cake appears in thin strings
- turning goes easily
|
Hemp Seed (Cannabis)
| The seed runs easily into the press cage. Turn at 45 rpm. |
- do not use the adjustment bolt
- turning requires considerable force
|
Jatropha (physic nut or Jatropha curcas) |
The seeds should be removed from the capsules. The whole seed should be expelled. Remove any stones and sand by sifting. Avoid bridge formation in the funnel by using a small wooden stick. Turn at 50 rpm. |
- do not use adjustment bolt
- turning of crank requires considerable force
|
| Linseed |
The seed runs easily into the press cage. Turn at 45-50 rpm to allow the oil to flow to the oil slit. Clean the oil slit regularly.
|
expel with adjustment bolt leaving the 2 press cake exits fully open
turning requires considerable force |
| Niger Seed |
The seed runs easily into the press cage. Turn at 45-50 rpm to allow the oil to flow to the oil slit. Clean oil slit regularly.
|
do not use the adjustment bolt
stop seed with a finger from press cake outlet until dry press cake appears
turning requires considerable force |
| Oil Palm Kernel |
The kernels are very hard. The kernels are first reduced in size in a hammer mill as used for maize. Prevent bridge formation in the funnel with a small wooden stick. Keep the oil warm to allow settling of dirt before decanting.
|
expel with adjustment bolt with open press cake outlets
turning requires considerable force
if turning is difficult remove adjustment bolt and continue expelling |
Peanut (groundnut, unroasted and deshelled) |
Well dried groundnuts are expelled with the thin brown seed coat. Prevent bridge formation of the seed in the funnel. Remove any stones and gravel. Clean oil slit regularly. Turn at 45 rpm.
|
at first adjustment bolt with open press cake exits, then tighten bolt until 2 thin strings of press cake appear
turning goes fairly lightly
Lehman's tested: for peanut butter, don't use lamp |
| Pumpkin Seed |
Expel with the seed coat. Remove stones and gravel to avoid damage to the expeller screw. Seeds enter slowly into expeller leading to a relatively low oil yield per hour. Turn at 55 rpm.
|
do not use adjustment bolt
turning requires considerable force
Lehman's tested: oil temp reached about 107°F |
| Rapeseed |
First remove any sand with a fine sieve and straw with a coarse sieve. Seed has to be very well dried until 6-8% moisture content. Extraction efficiency is highly reduced above 8% moisture content. Turn at 45 rpm to allow oil to flow to the oil slit.
|
expel with adjustment bolt
first keep 2 press cake outlets open; afterwards tighten bolt until 2 thin strings of press cake appear
turning goes quite easily |
| Safflower |
Seed should be expelled with its seed coat. Remove any stones and gravel. Prevent bridge formation of the seed in the funnel with a small wooden stick. Turn at 45-50 rpm.
|
expel without adjustment bolt
allow press cake formation by keeping initially a finger in front of the outlet
turning requires considerable force |
Sesame Seed (sim sim) |
The seed must be dry with only 4-5% moisture content. Turn the crank slowly at 45 rpm to allow oil flow to the oil slit. Clean oil slit regularly.
|
adjustment bolt at first with open press cake exits, then tighten bolt until 1 thin strings of press cake appear
turning requires some force
Lehman's tested: oil temp reached about 80°F |
| Soya Bean |
Take care and remove any sand, stones and straw before expelling. Seeds flow easily in the expeller. Beans should be preheated in a pan before expelling. Turn crank at about 50 rpm.
|
First stop outflow of seeds with a finger before press cake outlet until a stiff roll of press cake appears
Turning requires reasonable force |
| Sunflower Seed |
The whole seed (undecorticated) should be expelled. Take care to remove any stones before expelling; prevent bridge formation in the funnel with a small wooden stick. Turn at 60 rpm.
|
expel without adjustment bolt
turning requires fair force |
| Walnut |
Remove the shell. Grind kernels coarsely including the partition skin between the 2 halves. Turn at 55-60 rpm. |
adjustment bolt at first with open press cake exits, then tighten bolt until 2 thin strings of press cake appear
turning goes lightly |